Once the he3-D plasma is heated and fusion of a fraction of the he3-D ions begins, they will release alpha particles and protons that will be contained by the magnetic fields unlike the high energy neutrons of D-T fusion that escape and impart their energy to the lithium jacket. These a-particles and protons will collide with he3 and D ions and impart their energy gained by fusion into the non-fusing he3 and D ions and heat them up so that they will have enough energy to overcome positive electrical repulsion by other nuclei and they will fuse, releasing more hi energy a-particles and protons. The plasma will self heat without introducing any more energy into it by deutron beams, lasers or RF heating and fusion will erupt like a chain reaction. As long as the magnetic confinement field is intense enough to contain the plasma.
The plasma could get so hot that it expands and escapes from the "magnetic bottle" and plasma density drops, fusion power falls off, and more energy has to be pumped into the plasma with deutron beams or lasers to get it up and going again. So the reactor could operate in a "pulsed mode." The plasma will escape when it gets to energetic to remain contained and be directed thru positively charged hi voltage channels to MHD generators and boilers or in the case of a space drive it will be allowed to exhaust away for propulsion by reaction.
Linear reactors on Earth will use nickel-steel magnetic cores wrapped in HTS wire. They will need heavy vacuum pumps and sealed jackets. They will need heavy cryogenic cooling machines. In space, vacuum is free and sealed jackets are not needed although foil solar radiation shielding might be desirable. Foil shielded space radiators protected from the Sun will be exposed to the 10 K temperature of outer space so cooling will be practical for the superconducting coils in space. The metal cores of magnets for space drives could be made of beryllium. This metal has the highest stiffness to weight ratio of any metal so it will not deform due to intense magnetic field caused mechanical stresses. It will magnetize like the aluminum in a junkyard crane electromagnet only when the current is flowing. Beryllium is as strong as mild steel and as light as magnesium.
Perhaps huge laser crystals 60 feet long could be grown in microgravity or in the low gravity of the Moon for lasers to energize fusion reactor plasmas. These could be flown down in the Space Shuttle cargo bay. If any of this is possible it would be wise to keep the Shuttle flying. Whether or not these solid state laser crystals could be used as defensive systems in unknown to this author. |